The James River played a very important part in the earliest history of the Colony of Virginia. Capt. John Smith used the rivers which flowed therefrom into the Chesapeake Bay and Hampton Roads, west to Richmond (the capitol) at the river's fall line. One account gives where his party of explorers found the Nansemond river and its rich oyster beds. When considering the tributaries which drained off of the James, it is easy to understand why there were so many tribes of Indian villages trading in the region, and why the Englishman was not wanted. The Natives populated the area east of the fall line during the 16th and 17th centuries. To them, the James River was the Powhatan River, named after the chief of the Powhatan Confederacy which extended over most of the tidewater valleys of Virginia. It actually served as the major highway of the colony, delivering supplies and goods from England on its Supply ships. If it were not for John Rolfe's cultivation of a non-native strain of tobacco, the region would have suffered more economic woes.
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